Rashhat-e-Qalam

Post 9/11 Dimensions of Pak-Afghan Relations

Muhammad Tariq — 2022-09-15

Afghanistan has assumed a paramount leverage on and pivotal position in the Central and South Asian region due to its undeniably geo-political uniqueness. In this region Pakistan being the immediate bordering country get immediate fall out of any turmoil within Afghanistan. The three decades long war in Afghanistan has changed entirely the internal and external security parameters and paradigm in Pakistan. Since 9/11 Pakistan role in the war on terror has been unflinching, nonetheless, the losses in terms of human lives and material suffered by her during this long period have exceeded the gains. The questions related to Taliban and reconciliation process, Afghan refugees, transit trade and Pakistan-Afghanistan border have dominated public discourses, narratives and therefore, relationship between Pakistan and Afghanistan. All these issues have dimensions in the realm of Pakistan’s foreign and security policies, economy and internal stability. These problems are interlinked and have therefore, locked the relations in a vicious cycle. At this stage, managing these irritants shrewdly and gradually building the kind of mutual trust that would allow empathy to develop on both sides would be a good option. Scarlet thread in Pak-Afghan relationship is to have a friendly Afghanistan or at least, a neutral Afghanistan. It will not only stabilize Pakistan’s internal situation but in future enable Pakistan and India work together to improve bilateral relations. Pakistan’s interests would be best served by adopting policies grounded in the existing realities and determining priorities within that realm. Influence can be sustained or built through soft power, mutual cooperation and an outlook that would strengthen areas of convergence. Diplomacy through media should be minimized. Border management issues have great significance. Once Pakistan has physically and politically established its writ over the international borders, situation could incrementally tilt in Pakistan’s favour, though, this is, presently, a tricky issue.

"Abiasa" A symbolic expression of the contradictions and conflicts of human life

Prof. Sagheer Ifrahim Ifrahim — 2022-09-15

This is well known fact that Ghazanfar is one of the important writers in the field of contemporary Urdu literature. He is multidimensional writer but in this article. I have focused only on his fiction specially novel nigari. He has written nine novels on different topics. He contributed many new things in Urdu novel. He introduced dalit. Discours in Urdu fiction. His novel Divya Bani first novel on dalit problem in Urdu. He also wrote fusun campus novel first time in Urdu. The language of Ghazanfar fiction is also different from his contemporary writers. He language is very creative and also symbolic but his symbols are not difficult and embigus. He has also experimented in form and technic in Urdu novel.

Marde Kherad mand o junu pasand

Prof. Ghazanfar Ghazanfar — 2022-08-14

In this paper the heroic works done by the great sir Syed Ahmed khan in the field of reformation of Indian especially Muslim society have been described in Dastani form.

Sir Syed Ahmed khan wanted to remove the evils and obstacles from the Muslim community through modern education. He emphasized on wisdom. According to him there were three main obstacles; and he had to fight them;

The old traditions of his own society
The British rulers who wanted to enslave every Indian.
The other big community of India who took Muslims as their enemy.

In this article I have tried my best to show that Sir Syed Ahmed khan was a Dastani (hearoric character) who did the heroic tasks beyond imagination. I also used the Dastani language.

The plot-compositional level of Alisher Navai’s "Leyla Majnun"

Dr. Muhayya Abdurahmanova — 2022-09-15

REFLECTIONS ON THE INTERFACE WITH REALITIES AND IDEAS: AN OVERVIEW OF IRANIAN CINEMA

Mahek Khan — 2022-09-15

Cinema has been playing one of the most significant influences in our modern life. A lot of countries are involved in filmmaking, so the Iranian has been actively involved in cinema which has become famous across the world. Iranian cinema offers a fascinating even astonishing masterwork; it gives an artistic sophistication, mesmerisation, and passionate significance to humanism. While Hollywood, dominated by flashy fantasies, has put up many national cinemas out of business, Iran's filmmakers have still continued to influence the world audience with their unique and notable formal ingenuity and adherence to real-life people and their problems. In the international arena, Iranian cinema inspired successive generations. There has never been a bit of a moment in the history of Iranian cinema when it remained restricted to its current domains or boundary. Iranian cinema is huge and heterogeneous in its character, as are the historical-cultural, political, and social aspects of Iran itself. 'Realism' in Iranian films can be elucidated through different models or patterns, which has been attempted to deal with in this paper.

The Problem Of The Origin Of The Urdu Language And The Extent Of The Influence Of The Arabic And Persian Languages On It

Shahjahan Sadullayev — 2022-09-15

This article talks about exactly where the Urdu language was born, what stages it went through in its development, the influence of the Arabic and Persian languages and Islamic culture on the Urdu language, and the final scientific conclusions are given.

Revisiting a Fractured Legacy: Sir Syed Ahmed Khan and Muslim Women Education.

Dr. Ishtiaq Hussain — 2022-09-15

Indian Muslims during second half of nineteenth century witnessed significant changes in their socio-political and economic conditions. The men of intellect among the community sought the redressal of the despondency within Muslims through varied approaches of reformation. Sir Syed Ahmed Khan was prominent among these reformers who advocated the necessity of western-modern education as a panacea for the deprived conditions of Muslims. Although not being antagonistic towards the education in principle but he disapproved the modern education for women and limited his mission of education only to men. He upheld the traditional model of education suitable for women and thus drew criticism from academic circle. In this paper an attempt is made to revisit the already existing debate regarding Sir Syed’s stance on education of women. An attempt to provide the plausible reasons which might have influenced Sir Syed’s opinion would be accounted. In the light of primary sources how his personal life, social standing and prevailing circumstances molded his opinion would be highlighted which would help in situating the reformer in a balanced perspective.

A Study of IbnKhaldun’s Discourses on Socio-Economic Development with Special Reference to Pakistan

Imraz Muhammad Imraz — 2022-09-15

This research deals with the ups and downs in the socio-economic development of Pakistan in light of the economic theory of IbnKhaldun (1332-1406 AD). He evaluated dynamics and multidisciplinary approach that how the interconnected relationship of social and economic factors leads to ascend and descend the nations. His opinion, immorality, injustice and many other social evils are the indicators of unstable development, which caused fall of society. Like opinion of Khaldun, the researcher analysed number of factors which are responsible for rising and falling the socio-economic situations of Pakistan. Further, the consequences of the slow growth, poverty, lack of good governance, sectarianism and poor law and order situation have also pointed out. This paper focusses on those social, political and economic indicators which are directly or indirectly influence the rise and fall of socio-economic development in Pakistan. If Khaldun’s theory of economic development of nations applied, it will lead to the rise of society, because social and political stability is a good omen for development. This paper analysed the Khaldun’s economic model and compare it with socio-economic situation of Pakistan.

THE LEXICAL-SEMANTIC ANALYSIS OF PROVERBS ON ZOONYMS IN URDU

Mohira Yusupova — 2022-08-14

The purpose of the article is to clarify the concept of proverb and to analyse from the semantic point of view of the proverbs which the names of animals are involved in urdu language.